1、The English Renaissance was a cultural and artistic movement in England dating from the early 16th century to the early 17th century. It is associated with the pan-European Renaissance that many cultural historians believe originated in Tuscany in the 14th century. This era in English cultural history is sometimes referred to as the age of Shakespeare or the Elizabethan era, the first period in English and British history to be named after a reigning monarch.

Poets such as Edmund Spenser and John Milton produced works that demonstrated an increased interest in understanding English Christian beliefs, such as the allegorical representation of the Tudor Dynasty in The Faerie Queen and the retelling of mankind’s fall from paradise in Paradise Lost; playwrights, such as Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare, composed theatrical representations of the English take on life, death, and history. Nearing the end of the Tudor Dynasty, philosophers like Sir Thomas More and Sir Francis Bacon published their own ideas about humanity and the aspects of a perfect society, pushing the limits of metacognition at that time. England came closer to reaching modern science with the Baconian Method, a forerunner of the Scientific Method.

2、翻译

英国文艺复兴是16世纪初至17世纪初英国的一场文化艺术运动。许多文化史学家认为，它与泛欧文艺复兴有关，起源于14世纪的托斯卡纳。英国文化史上的这个时代有时被称为“莎士比亚时代”或“伊丽莎白时代”，这是英国历史上第一个以在位君主命名的时期。

埃德蒙·斯宾塞（Edmund Spenser）和约翰·弥尔顿（John Milton）等诗人的作品显示出人们对理解英国基督教信仰越来越感兴趣，比如《仙后》（Faerie Queen）中对都铎王朝的寓言描写，以及《失乐园》（parades Lost）中对人类从天堂跌落的复述；剧作家，如克里斯托弗·马洛和威廉·莎士比亚，在戏剧上表现了英国人对生、死和历史的看法。都铎王朝即将结束时，托马斯·莫尔爵士和弗朗西斯·培根爵士等哲学家发表了自己关于人性和完美社会的观点，突破了当时元认知的极限。英国用科学方法的先驱巴肯方法接近现代科学。